Metabolic health drives fitness, personalized nutrition, and longevity. Measuring oxygen uptake (VO₂), carbon dioxide production (VCO₂), and ventilation (VE) reveals energy metabolism, fuel utilization (RER/RQ), and VO₂ max. These metrics were once limited to labs and elite athletes by using Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET), Indirect Calorimetry (IC), and ergo spirometry.
But human breath is complex. Rapid shifts in temperature, humidity, and gas composition, combined with exposure to ambient conditions, make accurate measurement extremely challenging. Until now, no scalable technology has delivered lab-grade precision, fast response, and robustness for consumer devices.

